Femoral Condyle Osteochondral Defect Repair Protocol
Preoperative
Goals:
- Maximize ROM and progress functional strength
- Independent post operative HEP
- Independent in crutch use Non-weight bearing (NWB) including all of patient’s known ambulation barriers (stairs, varied surfaces)
Treatment:
- ROM, joint mobilization
- Aquatics exercise program, Therapeutic exercise program
- Education on HEP to be initiated post operatively
- Crutch training NWB. Include training for any ambulatory barriers
- Any modalities needed for symptomatic control
Phase 1
Postoperative Week 0-6
Goal:
- Full passive knee extension to 0°
- Full passive knee flexion to 120°
- Minimal pain and swelling
- Voluntary quadriceps control
- Ambulating partial weight bearing (PWB) by week 4-5.
- Normalized gait pattern in the pool
Treatment:
- In brace locked at 0° during weight bearing
- Sleep in locked brace for 2-4 weeks
- Weight bearing
- Non Weight bearing for 1-2 weeks
- Touch Toe Weight Bearing (20-30lbs) week 2-3 or sooner with MD approval
- Partial Weight Bearing (25% of body weight) at week 4-5
- CPM to start 6-8 hours post op
- Day 1 8-12 hours in CPM 0-40°
- Increase 5-10° daily as tolerated.
- After 3 weeks, decrease CPM use to 6-8 hours daily
- Patellar mobilization daily
- Full passive knee extension immediately
- Passive knee flexion 2-3 times daily
- 0-90 by end of post op week 2
- 0-105 at post op week 3-4
- 0-120 by post-op week 6
- Calf and hamstring stretching
- Ankle pumps with thera-tubing
- Quad setting, Glut setting, Hamstring setting
- Multiangle isometrics (quads and hamstrings)
- Active Knee extension 90° to 40° (no resistance)
- SLR 4 directions (no resistance)
- Stationary bike when ROM permits (no resistance)
- At week 4
- Multi angle leg press isometric
- Pool program
- modalities for pain and swelling control
- Biofeedback and muscle stim as needed
- gradual return to activities
- NO PROLONGED STANDING
Phase 2
Postoperative Week 6-12
Goal:
- Full ROM
- Able to walk 1-2 miles or bike 30 minutes
- Increased strength
- Hamstrings within 20% of uninvolved side
- Quadriceps within 30% of uninvolved side
- Balance testing within 30% of uninvolved side
Treatment:
- Brace discontinued by week 6
- Consider unloading brace
- Weight Bearing
- Progress to Weight Bearing As Tolerated
- Full Weight Bearing by week 8-9
- Discontinue crutches Week 8-9
- Gradual increase in ROM
- Maintain full Passive knee extension
- Progress knee flexion to 120-135° by week 8
- Continue patellar mobilizations
- Continue LE stretching program
- Initiate weight shifts at week 6
- Initiate mini squats 0-45° by week 8
- Closed kinetic chain exercises (leg press)
- Toe-calf raises by week 8
- Open kinetic chain knee extensions (progress 1# per week)
- Progress resistance and time on Exercise bike
- Treadmill walking week 10-12
- Balance a proprioception drills. Progress static to dynamic
- Initiate front and lateral step ups and wall squats by week 8-10
- Modalities for pain and swelling control
- Biofeedback and muscle stim as needed
- Continue pool
- Continue slow steady progressions into functional activities
- Increase standing and walking tolerances
Phase 3
Postoperative Weeks 12-26
Goals:
- Full ROM without pain
- Strength within 80-90% of uninvolved side
- Balance/stability within 75-80% of uninvolved side
- Functional activities without increase in any symptoms.
Treatment:
- Full ROM
- Leg Press 0-90°
- Bilateral squats 0-60°
- Unilateral step-ups progressing from 2” to 8”
- Forward lunges
- Walking program
- Open kinetic chain knee extension 0-90°
- Bicycle, stairmaster, elliptical, treadmill
- Swimming
- Return to all functional activities
- Initiate Home Maintenance Program (week 16-20)
- Bicycle
- Progressive walking program
- Pool program
- SLR 4 directions
- Wall squats
- Front lunges
- Step ups
- LE stretching program
Phase 4
Postoperative Week 26-52
Goals:
- Return to full unrestricted functional activity
Treatment:
- maintenance program 3-4 times a week
- Progress resistance to all strengthening exercises
- Progress to agility and dynamic balance drill
- Plyometric activity based on patient need
- Sports specific training
- Return to sports:
- Low impact sports routinely around month 6 post op
- Medium impact sports months 8-9 for small lesions and 9-12 for larger lesions.
- High impact sports months 12-18